Energy Shift
Visualizing the Global Demand for Oil (2022-2045F)
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The Global Demand for Oil (2022-2045F)
Economists have been attempting to forecast the point of peak oil—the year when oil demand reaches its maximum level—since the 1970s. Despite increasing warnings regarding climate change, global demand has continued to rise over the last few years and could continue.
In this graphic, Visual Capitalist partnered with Range ETFs to explore the global oil demand and determine which region will demand the most in 2045.
Projecting Global Oil Demand
As per OPEC, Oil demand could be as much as 17% higher by 2045 than it was in 2022. These projections are in millions of oil barrels per day and broken down by oil product.
Oil Product | 2022 | 2025F | 2030F | 2035F | 2040F | 2045F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jet Fuel | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
Gasoline | 26 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 |
Diesel | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 32 |
Ethane | 13 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 |
Other | 24 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 27 |
Total | 99 | 106 | 112 | 114 | 115 | 116 |
Oil’s importance in the global economy and its role as a fuel in many nations and industries worldwide contribute to the strength in demand. Additionally, the demand for jet fuel could grow by as much as 60% between 2022 and 2045, as currently, there is no carbon-neutral alternative to kerosene.
Who Will Be Using This Oil?
The forecasts also describe how much of this demand could flow to each region by 2045. Here is how it breaks down:
Despite significant investments in clean energy, large economies like those in North America, China, and India are forecast to have the most demand in 2045. This would be driven by each region’s need to use oil in transportation, industrial processes, and energy generation.
The Future of Oil
Oil’s continued importance as a fuel will likely keep demand growing over the next two decades.
Investors can take advantage of the growing potential oil demand by gaining exposure to various companies at the forefront of the offshore oil industry through the Range Global Offshore Oil Services Index ETF (OFOS).
Energy Shift
Visualized: Global Coal Consumption by Region
For this graphic, Visual Capitalist has partnered with Range ETFs to explore world coal consumption in 2023 and find out who consumed the most coal.
World Coal Consumption by Region in 2023
Despite many nations transitioning away from fossil fuels, in 2023, world coal consumption reached a staggering 164 exajoules (EJ) of energy, a record high for any year.
For this graphic, Visual Capitalist has partnered with Range ETFs to explore the role coal plays in the global energy mix and determine which regions still consume large quantities of coal.
The Role of Coal in Global Energy
Coal is a significant player in the global energy mix, contributing 26% of the world’s energy in 2023, more than all non-fossil fuel sources combined. The only energy source that contributed more to the global energy mix was oil.
Here’s how that consumption breaks down by region:
Region | Consumption (EJ) | Share % |
---|---|---|
China | 91.9 | 56.1% |
Asia Pacific (excluding China) | 43.8 | 26.7% |
Americas | 10.0 | 6.1% |
Europe | 8.4 | 5.1% |
CIS* | 5.5 | 3.4% |
Africa | 4.1 | 2.5% |
Middle East | 0.4 | 0.2% |
Total | 164.0 | 100% |
Coal consumption has decreased in many regions. For example, both North America and Europe reduced their energy consumption from coal by 16% in 2023. However, a heavy reliance on coal in the Asia Pacific region has led to global coal consumption remaining essentially the same over the past 10 years.
In 2023, China increased its coal consumption from 88 EJ to nearly 92 EJ—totalling 56% of global coal consumption. This contributed significantly to Asia Pacific leading the world with a staggering 83% of global coal consumption.
The Importance of Coal
Easy access to existing infrastructure and reasonable prices have not only sustained global coal consumption over the last 10 years, but also paved the way for potential growth. Many developing nations are now expanding their coal consumption, presenting potential opportunities in the coal market.
For example, as per the Statistical Review of World Energy 2024, between 2022 and 2023, Bangladesh and Colombia saw double-digit percentage increases in year-over-year coal consumption: 41% and 53%, respectively.
Coal continues to play a critical role in the global energy mix, especially in the developing world, where its affordability makes it the current energy source of choice.
Learn more about the Range Global Coal Index ETF (COAL)
Energy Shift
Top Countries by Fossil Fuel Consumption in 2023
China and the U.S. account for nearly half of fossil fuel use.
Top Countries by Fossil Fuel Consumption in 2023
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Fossil fuel consumption reached new record highs in 2023, driven by increased coal and oil use in China, despite the global boom in renewable energy.
Together, gas, oil, and coal accounted for 81.5% of the global energy mix last year, slightly down from 82% in 2022.
This graphic shows the top 12 countries by fossil fuel consumption in 2023. Data is from the Energy Institute, 2024 Statistical Review of World Energy, released in June 2024.
China and U.S. Account for Nearly Half of Global Fossil Fuel Use
China and the U.S. are responsible for almost half (47%) of global fossil fuel consumption.
Country | Oil (Exajoules) | Natural Gas | Coal | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
🇨🇳 China | 33 | 15 | 92 | 140 |
🇺🇸 U.S. | 36 | 32 | 8 | 76 |
🇮🇳 India | 11 | 2 | 22 | 35 |
🇷🇺 Russia | 7 | 16 | 4 | 27 |
🇯🇵 Japan | 7 | 3 | 5 | 15 |
🇮🇷 Iran | 4 | 9 | 0 | 12 |
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | 7 | 4 | 0 | 12 |
🇰🇷 South Korea | 5 | 2 | 3 | 10 |
🇨🇦 Canada | 4 | 4 | 0 | 9 |
🇮🇩 Indonesia | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 |
🇩🇪 Germany | 4 | 3 | 2 | 9 |
🇬🇧 United Kingdom | 3 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
🌍 Rest of the World | 72 | 50 | 24 | 146 |
In 2023, China consumed 140 exajoules of fossil fuels, equivalent to approximately 5.8 billion tonnes of hard coal. The U.S. followed with 76 exajoules, while India was third with 35 exajoules.
Crude oil consumption surpassed 100 million barrels per day for the first time, and coal demand exceeded the previous year’s record.
China remains the largest coal consumer, accounting for 56% of global consumption, a new record for the country. Additionally, in 2023, India’s coal consumption surpassed the combined total of Europe and North America for the first time.
If you like this graphic, be sure to check out ‘Visualizing Global Energy Production in 2023.’ This graphic illustrates the sources of energy used worldwide last year.
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